Test - SAT - Researching Notes -II

Select one answer choice from the given options.

1

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

A large variety of symbols are seen in different cultures around the world.
Many symbols are repeated in cultures that are geographically far apart.
Some are repeated because members of the same race have migrated and carried the symbols with them.
Some shared symbols are due to elements of the human mind.
Some are repeated because of amalgamation, when two cultures blend together, and assimilation, when one culture mixes itself into another.
Some are the result of the elements common to humans, such as a round ball as the symbol for the sun and moon.

The student wants to emphasize that many shared symbols across the world have explainable causes.

Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Our brains interact with our surroundings and our social environment to create a system of symbols that can be shared cross-culturally.

The reasons for the cross-cultural appearance of some symbols can be readily understood within the realm of rational explanations, such as migration, amalgamation, assimilation, and experiences common to most humans.

The advances in technology in our global economy have facilitated the proliferation of cross-cultural symbols.

Symbols seen in different cultures reflect the belief systems of those peoples; however, often these beliefs and their corresponding symbols are borrowed by other cultures.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

2

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Abbreviations, first used on ancient stone monuments and coins, are used to save space.
Roughly 60 percent of English is based on Latin and includes many Latin abbreviations.
Abbreviations are found in scientific names of organizations, the structural elements of books (such as in footnotes, indexes, and bibliographies), college degrees, etc.
Some professions have specialized abbreviations unique to their field, such as librarians.
The United States Postal Service adopted a two-letter abbreviation system for the names of the states.
Digital communications, such as text messaging, include many abbreviations that change over time.

The student wants to emphasize the prevalence of abbreviations in written communication.

Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Abbreviations are a resourceful means to save space when writing for books, scientific journals, and government publications.

From the earliest-known stone monuments to the latest electronic messaging of the twenty-first century, abbreviations in almost every field have been used to save space in written communications.

When written communications were started, abbreviations in Latin were included to save space and to communicate more effectively.

Regardless of the time and place, abbreviations in English and Latin have been used in both graphic representations and verbal communications.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

3

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Yeti is a name given to a legendary creature reported by natives to live in the Himalayas.
Yeti, also called the Abominable Snowman, is apelike with human facial features.
It walks upright, and it is said that it leaves giant footprints (first seen in the 1890s) in the mountain snow.
It has a reputation among the natives for being violent and dangerous.
Several expeditions have searched without success for signs of Yeti.
No proven evidence has been found to confirm its existence.
Scientists suggest that the large snow prints that have been attributed to the Abominable Snowman may instead be normal-sized bear prints that have enlarged in the warm sun.

The student wants to present a nonbiased perspective on whether Yeti is real or not.

Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

The legend of Yeti is unverified and based only on the claims of witnesses.

Science has yet to prove the existence of the
Abominable Snowman, even though many have seen it.

Despite mounting circumstantial evidence of Yeti’s existence, scientists have failed to find the proof needed.

Verifiable evidence has never been found to prove the existence of Yeti; however, natives living in the Himalayas report that it is real and dangerous.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

4

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Acerola is a native fruit grown in the warm climate of Mexico, the West Indies, Central America, and northern South America.
Acerola fruit are small, red, and tart and contain extremely high levels of vitamin C.
Acerola is a significant cash crop for farmers in the regions where they will grow.

The student wants to present a likely cause for acerola being an important cash crop. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

The high levels of vitamin C in acerola likely
accounts for its value as a cash crop.

Acerola’s limited growing area makes it rare and valuable.

The tartness of the fruit makes it perfect for sweet-and-sour candies.

Acerola’s red color has a holiday effect.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

5

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

William Bradford wrote an account commonly called History of Plymouth Settlement.
Some Christians in England began to worship based on their own understanding of the Bible.
They were persecuted, including some being put in prison, for not conforming to the established Church customs, practices, and beliefs.
They went to Holland between 1607 and 1608 to escape persecution.
Their decision to leave England meant leaving properties, livelihoods, and friends.
These farmers did not speak the language of Holland and did not know how to engage in trade, Holland’s chief industry.
The English government closed British ports to them, not allowing them to leave.
They attempted to escape by bribing ship captains to secrete them out of England.
They were sometimes betrayed by the captains, who stole their belongings and turned them over to officers to be brought before magistrates and put in prison.

The student wants to summarize the hardships encountered by the religious dissidents in their attempts to escape persecution in England. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

The Christians attempting to escape England were tortured and killed by religious zealots.

The established government saw opportunities to acquire properties and lands by restricting the movements and religious freedoms of Christian dissidents.

In seeking freedom, these Christians faced giving up all they had and putting themselves in the hands of ruthless people to escape to an uncertain future in an alien land.

The persecuted Christians lost their homes, monies, friends, rights as British citizens, and dignity as humans.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

6

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Acids can be inorganic or organic.
Inorganic acids are manufactured to use in making such things as explosives or metals.
Organic acids can be found in different foods.
Fats and oils contain fatty acids; rhubarb contains oxalic acid; cranberries are a source of benzoic acid.
Citric acid is in citrus fruit (oranges, lemons, limes), but acetic acid is in vinegar.

The student wants to emphasize the diverse nature of acids. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

The only acids found in nature are types of food.

Acids can be organic or inorganic, manufactured or natural, and in a life-giving food or in a deadly explosive.

An overconsumption of organic acids can
contribute to health issues.

Both organic and inorganic acids have important roles to play in our lives.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

7

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Acoustics is a branch of physics.
The science of acoustics involves studying how sound is produced and transmitted and then determining the effects of sound.
Noise or sound is caused by vibrations.
Acoustical engineers explore ways to control sound, such as using thick walls to quiet noise transmission or installing carpets and acoustical tiles, which absorb the vibrations.
Echoes come from reflected sound vibrations that are delayed for more than 1/20 of a second from the time the sound is produced until the time it reaches the listener.

The student wants to emphasize how acoustical engineers could use acoustics to make hospital settings quieter for patients. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Poor acoustics can ruin a live music performance.

Echoes are an especially serious issue in emergency rooms.

Engineers could control noise levels in patient rooms by utilizing acoustical tiles in ceilings, walls, and portable screens.

Because of acoustical engineers, sound effects, in conjunction with light shows, have become a mainstay of modern music venues.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

8

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

The ability of an airplane to fly is determined by many factors.
Lift is the upward force created by air moving across the wings when a plane moves forward.
The air moving across the curved upper part of the wing moves faster than the air moving across the flattened bottom of the wind (Bernoulli’s principle).
Air flow increases if the wing is turned at an angle in relation to the approaching airstream (the angle of attack).
If the angle of attack is about 15 degrees, the lift will stop and the airplane will fall.
The faster the plan goes (the air speed), the greater the lift.
Drag is caused by friction fighting against the forward motion of the airplane.

The student wants to present a likely connection between pilot skill and keeping an airplane airborne. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Pilots would have very little control over most contributing factors of lift.

To avoid drag, wings should be coated with high- gloss paint.

To prevent losing lift, the pilot must pay close attention to the angle of attack and air speed.

Air speed is in direct proportion to the angle of attack and drag.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

9

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

The early residents of the region that became Alaska were mostly Eskimos, Aleuts, and members of several Native American tribes.
Danish explorer Vitus Bering, a captain in the Russian Navy, was commissioned to explore and chart the landsto the east of Siberia in 1728.
Russian fur traders established the Three Saints Bay settlement in 1784.
Europeans began exploring the territory for trade, greatly impacting Russian profits.
Russia sold its Alaskan claims (called Russian America) to the United States in 1867.
Prospectors discovered gold in the Yukon Territory in 1896, which began the great Alaskan Gold Rush, ending in 1904.
Canada made territorial claims that would have left America’s Alaska Territory with very little land left.
An international commission decided in favor of the United States, in 1903, establishing the southeastern boundary where it is today.

The student wants to present a likely cause for the conflict between the United States and Canada over the Alaska Territory. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Russia’s sale of its Alaskan holdings to the United States angered Canadians who did not want to be surrounded by American lands.

The discovery of gold in Alaska likely made
ownership of the territory very desirable for both the United States and Canada.

The Bering Strait became a significant access point to the Alaska Territory and made the area more desirable for Canadian fur traders.

Russian, European, Canadian, and American interests were likely countered by those of the Native Alaskans.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

10

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Little Women is a book written by Louisa May Alcott in 1868–1869 (in two parts).
In the novel, Alcott tells the story of the March family and its heroine Jo March. Literary scholars believe that some of the story is based on the Alcott family and Louisa’s own life.
Louisa’s parents were transcendentalists.
Her father was a teacher and taught his four daughters at home.
He was not able to support his family financially.
Louisa started an unsuccessful school but was successful in her writing career, which enabled her to support her family.
Unlike Jo March, Louisa May Alcott never married.

The student wants to summarize Louisa May Alcott’s relationship to her most well-known book, Little Women. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Louisa May Alcott wrote a (semi)autobiographical novel called Little Women, as well as other works, to help support her family financially.

Louisa followed in her father’s footsteps by being unsuccessful as a teacher.

Only on the point of marriage did Louisa May Alcott’s life differ from that of Jo March.

Jo March was a transcendental reflection of Louisa May Alcott, as seen in the fact that she never married.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

11

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Alfalfa has historically been a major feed crop for livestock in the United States and Canada.
It is a perennial flowering legume that is called“lucerne” in Europe.
Alfalfa is also used to increase soil fertility.
It is well adapted to dry climates because its roots grow deep to find water.
Alfalfa is among the crops that have been geneticallymodified (GMO) to survive applications of weed killers.
Some farmers and consumers worry about safety riskssurrounding the consumption of GMO crops by humans and livestock.
A study in 2013 found that 27% of wild alfalfa has been cross-pollinated with GMO alfalfa plants.

The student wants to emphasize that GMO or genetically engineered crops cannot coexist with organic non-GMO crops. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Some countries ban all imports of GMO products in an effort to protect their organic crops.

Because alfalfa is perennial, risks surround GMO plants surviving for decades.

The deep roots of alfalfa draw water from
underground sources where genetically engineered gene splices can be carried to organic fields.

Organic, non-GMO crops are at risk of GMO
contamination as seen in stands of feral alfalfa where over one-quarter of the plants are transgenic.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

12

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Algae are water plants that grow around the world.
They contain chlorophyll and react to sunlight by manufacturing sugars.
Fish and many water animals eat algae.
Types of algae include blue-green (found in lakes and pools of water) algae, freshwater green algae, brown algae in salt water, and red algae found in the ocean.
The food industry uses algae to produce agar and carrageenan, as well as other types of food additives, to thicken and stabilize foods.
Algae is in some sausages, fish products, breads, and daily products.
Algae grows quickly and is high in protein.
In October, 2022, Charles Green, Professor Emeritus of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at Cornell University, suggested that algae can supply the world’s protein needs.

The student wants to emphasize that algae is a sustainable human food source. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Because that fish and other water animals eat algae suggests that algae is a reliable food source for humans, as well.

Algae can be found in moldy bread, nonorganic sausage, and soured dairy products.

Algae is sustainable because of its prevalence around the world.

Algae, which is already being used by the food industry, is commonly found and is a rich source of protein, making it a nutritional superstar.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

13

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

The alphabet is named after the first two letters in the Greek alphabet: “alpha” and “beta.”
Each letter has a history, often including multicultural contributions. For example:

The letter “A” dates back to the Egyptians in about 3,000 B.C.

The earliest letter “A” meant “ox” and was shaped like the head of an ox.

The Semites borrowed the Egyptian hieroglyphic “ox,” and later the Greeks called it “alpha.”

Our current letter “A” was shaped by the Romans.

Modern English has distinctive sounds that cannot be represented by the current Roman alphabet, resulting in some letters representing multiple sounds. For example:

                A = Short sound (bat)
                  A = Long sound (late)
                  A = Broad sound (farm)
                  A = Unstressed sound (around)

The International Phonetic Alphabet, consisting of over 80 characters, attempts to provide a more accurate representation of spoken language.

The student wants to suggest a rationale explaining why English is a difficult language for some non-English or English as a Second Language (ESL) speakers to learn. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

The fact that there are insufficient letters in the Roman alphabet to represent all the sounds in the English language may make written English more difficult for ESL students.

The extensive historical background behind each of the letters in the Roman alphabet makes the language more confusing, particularly for students who are transferring from their native language to
English.

Despite evidence to the contrary, the fact that the Roman alphabet has been affected by many different cultures has made it relatively simple for ESL students to learn English.

The letter “A” is perhaps the most difficult letter for ESL students to learn in the Roman alphabet.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

14

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

Aluminum is nicknamed “the magic metal” because it can be fashioned into almost any shape.
Aluminum is lightweight, about one-third the weight of iron.
In its pure state, aluminum is soft.
Alloys are mixed with aluminum to strengthen it.
Aluminum can be mined; however, it cannot be mined in pieces like a gold nugget.
Over 15% of Earth’s crust is made of aluminum- containing compounds, but they are difficult to extract.
Bauxite ore, which that contains 32% aluminum oxide, provides the most inexpensive source for extraction of aluminum.
Varying amounts of aluminum can be found all around us in unexpected places, such as the air, drinking water, deodorants, cosmetics, appliances, cookware, foods, and some antacids.
Aluminum can be toxic when absorbed by the human body through the digestive tract, lungs, and skin and can accumulate in the organs and attack the central nervous system.

The student wants to emphasize the unique characteristics of aluminum. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Aluminum is soft and lightweight and can be found everywhere.

Aluminum’s malleability, light weight, and
ubiquitous presence in Earth’s crust makes it an attractive metal for many uses; however, its absorption into the human body can create health issues.

Despite aluminum’s more favorable properties, such as it being lightweight and available from common sources, aluminum is too dangerous for its continued use in our environment.

Environmental concerns and human health
advocates need to band together to restrain the use of aluminum in its many forms.

Select one answer choice from the given options.

15

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

The amaranth family of plants includes weeds (such as giant pigweed) and flowers (such as cockscomb).
Amaranth is beneficial when grown with garden plants as a companion plant because it loosens the soil, makes some nearby plants more resistant to insects, and enables other plants to increase their yields.
It produces an edible pseudograin (seed) that some people with gluten sensitivities can eat.
Like quinoa, amaranth is called a “complete grain” because it is high not just in carbohydrates but also in proteins, including the amino acid lysine (usually found in meat).

The student wants to present reasons to suggest that amaranth can be nicknamed a “one-stop shop” for good health. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Amaranth is a “one-stop shop” for good health because it provides healthy carbohydrates and proteins in our diets, plus when planted in the garden, it increases the health and productivity of
garden plants around it.

Amaranth is a “one-stop shop” for good health because it is a garden plant that contains both carbohydrates and proteins necessary to produce a healthier garden.

Amaranth is a “one-stop shop” for good health because it is both a weed and a flower, meaning it is high in wild nutrients, plus it provides calming garden flowers.

Amaranth is a “one-stop shop” for good health because, like meat, it contains lysine.

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